What is this disease?

• Epispadias is a birth defect that affects the urethra and is a part of  wider spectrum of birth defects known as the Bladder Exstrophy and Epispadias complex. In Epispadias, the Urethra is open on the top side and is not formed into the cylindrical tube shape as it should be. Epispadias is always present in both Bladder Exstrophy and Cloacal Exstrophy, however it is possible to see Epispadias on its own (without Bladder Exstrophy or Cloacal Exstrophy). In boys, there are different degrees of Epispadias with Glanular Epispadias being the mildest form (with the urethral opening near but not at the tip of the penis) and Penopubic Epispadias the most severe form (with the urethral opening nearer to the pubic bone/abdomen).Incontinent Epispadias is treated similarly to bladder exstrophy.

How it is diagnosed?

• Epispadias in boys is usually identified at birth by clinical examination.

How it is treated?

• Epispadias is a surgically correctable birth defect, which is corrected with operations over the first few years of life. The overall aim of treatment is to protect the kidneys and correct the abnormalities, so that  child’s urinary system and genitals work properly and look as normal as possible.

When it should be operated?

• The surgery is delayed until the child is approximately 1-2 years old . Each child has different anatomy and is treated as per individual needs.

Are there other alternative methods of treatment?

• Surgery is only modality available.

What all I need to know before my child surgery?

• Read “All you need to know before your child's surgery” information booklet in website.

How is the surgery done?

• Epispadias repair involves reconstructing the urethra, utilizing local tissues with various surgical procedures. Aa catheter (small tube) will be placed in the urethra for approximately 2-3 weeks after the surgery.

Remarks

• For more details of surgery, contact your surgeon

• Related Photographs and videos

Few photographs of steps done by me  is given here for learning purposes .